Limbal stem cell deficiency
What is limbal stem cell deficiency?
Limbal stem cell deficiency is caused when there is no longer a limbal stem cell source for corneal epithelial cells. The result is an invasion of conjunctival epithelial cells over the cornea, which take advantage of the fact that the limbus has ceased to act as a barrier to inhibit the growth of the conjunctiva.
What causes it?
There are a number of congenital or acquired factors that can seriously damage the limbus and, consequently, the stem cell population, causing a condition known as limbal stem cell deficiency syndrome.
What are the symptoms?
The expansion of the conjunctival epithelium over the cornea causes vision loss, as well as epithelial adhesion problems, corneal erosion and ulcers, chronic inflammation and abnormal blood vessel growth.
How can it be prevented?
It is not possible to prevent it, but, if detected early during regular check-ups, suitable treatment can be applied.
How can it be treated?
When the limbal stem cell deficiency has not yet fully developed, it can be treated with eye drops. In severe cases, however, limbal transplantation is the best option.
